Animal cells vs. Plant cells

 

  • Major organelles of eukaryotic cells and their functions

    •                           Animal cells                       Plant cells

    ___________

    *

    Cell wall: Absent Present
    Shape: Round (irregular shape) Rectangular (fixed shape)
    Vacuole: One or more small vacuoles (much smaller than plant cells). One, large central vacuole taking up 90% of cell volume.
    Centrioles: Present in all animal cells Only present in lower plant forms.
    Chloroplast: Animal cells don't have chloroplasts Plant cells have chloroplasts because they make their own food
    Cytoplasm: Present Present
    Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth and Rough): Present Present
    Ribosomes: Present Present
    Mitochondria: Present Present
    Plastids: Absent Present
    Golgi Apparatus: Present Present
    Plasma Membrane: only cell membrane cell wall and a cell membrane
    Microtubules/ Microfilaments: Present Present
    Flagella: May be found in some cells May be found in some cells
    Lysosomes: Lysosomes occur in cytoplasm. Lysosomes usually not evident.
    Nucleus: Present Present
    Cilia: Present It is very rare

     

    Organelle

    Function

    Nucleus The “brains” of the cell, the nucleus directs cell activities and contains genetic material called chromosomes made of DNA.
    Mitochondria Make energy out of food
    Ribosomes Make protein
    Golgi Apparatus Make, process and package proteins
    Lysosome Contains digestive enzymes to help break food down
    Endoplasmic Reticulum Called the "intracellular highway" because it is for transporting all sorts of items around the cell.
    Vacuole Used for storage, vacuoles usually contain water or food. (Are you are thirsty? Perhaps your vacuoles need some water!)
    Plant cells also have:
    Chloroplasts Use sunlight to create food by photosynthesis
    Cell Wall For support

         cell specialization and organization

    Type of Cell

    Shape (Structure)

    		Function
    Muscle Elongated and tapered on either end Move parts of the body
    Skin Flat and thin, brick-shaped or honeycomb Fit closely together to form a continuous protective layer
    Nerve Long branched fibres running from the main part of the cell To carry nerve signals from one part of the body to another
    Blood Thin, disc-like Carry oxygen in the bloodstream
    (giving them a large surface area to collect oxygen)
    Bone Thick, mineral matrix To provide support

     

     

    This free website was made using Yola.

    No HTML skills required. Build your website in minutes.

    Go to www.yola.com and sign up today!

    Make a free website with Yola